Mining-pump



2 shets-sheet 1. W. NANCE.

MINING PUMP (No Model.)

Patented Feb. 4, 1896.

No. 554,082. zyz f' .2.

(No Model.) 2I -Sheef,sf-sheez 2.

W. NANOE. MINING PUMP.

No. 554,082. l Patented-Peb. 4, 18596(I fyi.:

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mm 'lll/4 -1 AN DREW B GRAHAM. PHOTMQWASMIMI'OIIE.

NITED 4STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

VILLIAM NANCF., OF GRASS VALLEY, CALIFORNIA.

MINING-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,082, dated February4, 1896.

Application filed February 5, 1895. Serial No. 537,402. (No model.) l

To @ZZ whom it may concern: p

Be it known that I, VILLIAM NANCE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Grass Valley, Nevada county, State of California, haveinvented an Improvement in Mining- Pumps; and I hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description 'of the same.

My invention relates to certain improvements in pumps of that'classwhich are employed for pumping from deep-mining shafts, and it isespecially adapted to pumps of that class known as the Cornish type.

It consists in certain details ot' construction which will be more fullyexplained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1is a vertical section showing aportion of the pump and the valvemechanism in the line y y of Fig. .5. Fig. 2 is a section showing theattachment of the piston-rod and means for its adjustment. Fig. 3 is asection of the guide-plate and the adjustingchair. Fig. 4l is a viewshowing the connection of the pump-rod when a plunger or pole is used.Fig. 5 isa horizontal section on line a' of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is anenlarged View showing the piston-rod stuffing-box. Fig. 7 is an enlargedsection of the piston. Fig. 8 is a general view of the arrangement andconnection of the pump and engine. Figs. 9 and 10 are details of thesinking-pump auxiliary valve and device for removing it. Fig. 11 isasection at ze, Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a plan view of one of the main valves.Fig. 13 shows the manner of connecting the pumprod sections. Fig. 14 isa detail showing a plan view of the inner ring or flange g with itsopenings surrounding the piston-rod.

The object of my invention is to applya double-acting mechanism to theform known as Cornish plunger-pump, whereby the pump is made doubleacting and its duty increased, and while retaining the valuable featuresof this form of pump I am enabled with other modifications to reduce theweightv of the moving parts more than sixty per cent.

In carrying out my invention I have shown two forms, one in which apiston is adapted to move within a cylinder and is connected by suitablemeans with the reciprocating pump-rod, and the other in which a plungeris employed which nearly fills the whole cyl inder and is similarlyconnected with the pump-rod.

The first arrangement is shown in Fig. 1, in which Ais a cylinder. C isa piston-rod extending upward through the stuffing-box in the top of thecylinder and connecting with the pump rod, as will be hereinafterdescribed.

It will be manifest that while only a single one of these pumps andconnections is shown several stations may be employed at difterentlevels when the mine is several hundred feet in depth, each stationhaving its own pumping-cylinder and connections with the pump-rod whichextends the whole distance from the surface to the bottom of the shaft,and each pump delivers water into a tank through a pump-column and thelast column extends to the surface or point of discharge in the usualmanner.

The pump-cylinder A is counterbored at both top and bottom, as shown ata, so that the piston B will pass a short distance out of thepump-cylinder at both top and bottom of the stroke. This preventschambering, so called, which consists in wearing that portion of thecylinder within which the piston reciprocates, so that eventually thecentral portion becomes larger and shoulders are formed at each end ofthe piston-stroke. By my construction, as the piston passes alittle'beyond each end of the cylinder proper at each stroke, thischambering will be prevented and the cylinder will remain essentially ofthe same size, the wear being uniform from one end to the other.

The piston consists of a disk B, loosely fitting around the piston-rodCand having legs B/ extending down and resting upon the annular disk orplate h, which rests upon a collar c fixed upon the ypiston-rod C. Belowthis is another disk, d,which is situated below a collar e, fixed uponthe piston-rod a short distance below the collar c. The disk d is heldup against the collar e by a key d', passing through the rod below thedisk. Above the disk B is anothervdisk, f, and this is separated fromthe disk B by intermediate flanges or rings g. This disk f forms the topof the stuffing-box gland which makes a tight covering for the joints ofthe packing-rings IOO 7L. The upper packing-rings of this pistonareshown at 7L, and are situated between the top plate f and the plateB. The lower packing-rings 71. are in turn situated between the disks band d, and these disks b d are separated from each other by an annularring C', similar to those which separate the upper disks.

Between the disks B b anlass of stift grease n or tallow is filled in soas to fill the hollow space at this point and extend out to the innerwalls of the cylinder A. In introducing this grease I employsemicylinders of metal, which are so curved as to fit closely 5 aroundthe piston-rod C, and the grease is packed or tamped in from abovebefore the upper disks and rings are in place until the space is filled.

By withdrawing the semicylinders which fit around the piston-rod achannel will be left around the piston-rod, and water entering thischannel through holes from above under the pressure caused by the weightof water in the pump-column and the cylinder above the piston will actto force the grease outward against the Walls of the cylinder, thuskeeping the latter perfectly lubricated.

The upper and lower disks, f and (I, are held together by screw-boltst', which pass through the upper disks, f, and the top of B, alsothrough the disk b, and the lower ends of these bolts being threadedthey screw into the lower disk, d, as shown. Nuts being screwed upon theupper ends ot' these bolts it will be seen that, 5 through the pressureupon the disk f, the rings g and the top of the disk B, and the pressurein the opposite direction upon the disk d, the two plates b CZ will berespectively forced against the collars c c on the pistonrod, thuslocking the parts of the piston firmly to the piston-rod, at the sametime allowing them to be easily removed for repairs or for replenishingthe lubricant when the latter is exhausted.

5 The stuffing-box gland E, through which the piston-rod C passes, asshown in Fig. l, is connected with the fiange of the stuffingbox byscrew-bolts F, which pass up through the gland and have nuts G fitted tothe upper ends. These nuts have grooved reels or drums fitted upon them,and cords I-I are wound upon these grooved drums, extending thence overdirection-pulleys I, thence downward to weights J, which act constantlyto turn the 5 nuts G and cause them to advance downward upon thescrew-bolts F. This constantly forces the gland E into the stuffing-box,and the packing therein is thus kept constantly tight upon thepiston-rod C and an automatic adjustment is provided.

Then the plunger or pole, as it is technically termed, is employed, thisplunger nearly fills the pump-cylinder, and it passes into the cylinderthrough a stufii11g-box,wl1ich is well shown in section, Fig. 4.-. Inthis case a layer of hard grease af is introduced between the two layersof packing b3, or the device shown at Fig. 6 may be used if preferred.

In Fig. 6 the stuffing-box K is filled with hemp or other suitablepacking to any desired amount, with a chamber Z2 between the top andbottom layers of packing, which is adapted to receive an oil oressentially liquid lubricant, which is supplied from the reservoir L bypipes, as shown. The packing and oil-chamber nearly fill thestuffing-box, and the oil lubricates the piston-rod as it passes throughit. Pressure upon the stuffing-box gland acts upon the upper layer ofpacking, through this upon the chamber Z2, which in turn presses uponthe lower layer of packing, Z3.

The gland E enters the -stufiing-box K surrounding the piston-rod C, andthis gland is drawn down by means of flexible cords O attached to thelower side ot' the flange of the gland, extending thence around pulleysP, thence upward over another guide-pulley Q, and thence down to aweight, as shown at R, which, exerting a constant force through the cordO by reason of the changes of direction over the pulleys P and Q, itacts to constantly pull down upon the gland and thus keep a uniformpressure upon the packing and oilreservoir within the stuffing-box tomaintain a tight joint.

In order to prevent the lifting up of the gland E by the friction of themoving plunger, or to prevent it in any way being lifted out of thestuffing-box, I have shown a pawland-ratchet mechanism at S in which thepawl engages a straight rack as the cord O is moved by reason of theweight, and this ratchet mechanism holds all that has been gained, thuskeeping the gland firmly in place in the stuffing-box.

The connection between the piston-rod C and the pump-rod D is made asshown in Figs. l and 2.

T is a block ot' wood, technically called a distance-piece, of suchthickness that it extends from the side of the pump-rod D to such apoint as to have its outer edge essentially in line with the piston-rodC. The upper end of the piston-rod enters a block U, wherein it issecured by a key V passing through the two. A plate IV has its lower endmade with a T-head, which enters a transverse dovetailed slot in theblock U, where it is locked in place when the key V is driven in. Thisplate WI extends upwardiy and has the upper end screw-threaded, and bymeans of adjusting and locking nuts Z the plate and the piston-rodconnected therewith may be raised, so that any sagging caused by wear otjournal pins or brasses, and the consequent settling of the pump-rod,may be compensated by turning these nuts and raising the pistonrod andpiston, so that the latter will always reciprocate through essentiallythe same space in the pump-cylinder. Before this adjustment is made thenuts M, which clamp the IOO IIO

yokes M and secure the distance-piece to the pump-rod, are loosened, andafter the adj ustment has been made they are again tightened.

The piston-rod is caused to move vertically and prevented by guides A2from swinging out of line on account of irregularities of movement ofthe pump-rod or the side lift upon the piston-rod caused by theconnection of the piston-rod with the pump-rod. This guide is a flatplate upon which the block U i's fitted to slide in its reciprocation,similarly to the cross-head of an engine, as shown in 3. The ends of theguide are fixed to chairsv B2, which are in turn secured to beams ortimbers C2 permanently iixed Vin the shaft. The ends of the guide A2 aremovable within the chair to keep them in the proper line by means of adjListing-screws D2 and E2, so that any displacement by swelling of theWood or other causes is easily compensated.

In order to lighten and also strengthen the pump-rods as much aspossible I have shown them made with reinforcing-plates m, Figs. 2, 8,and 13.

v In deep mines the weight of the pump-rods may amount to a hundred tonsor more, and as the wood decays their strength is not sufficient for thework to be done. These old rods are abutted together in the usualconstruction, and have heavy straps of steel extending across the jointsupon four opposite sides bolted to the timbers above and belowr thejoint. In my invention I employ similar straps of steel, two of whichstraps are made to extend the whole length of the pump-rod sections D,and these, by greatly strengthening the rods, enable me to make thelatter much smaller and lighter and of suicient weight to balance thewater-columns on the downstroke and strength to lift them on theupstroke, thus securing a proper and more durable rigidity to force thecolumn on the downstroke as well as a more uniform and durable strengthfor lifting the required Weight on the upstroke. The main object of thisconstruction is to greatly reduce the enormous weight of the ordinarypump-rod, to do away with the counterbalancebobs in the shaft, which areabsolutely necessary in the ordinary methods to take up the surplusweight of the rod.' By this simple modification in the construction ofthe rod and by the use of a double instead of a single-acting pump, nowgenerally used, I have succeeded in reducing the weight thereof aboutsixtyve per cent., and proportionately increasing the duty of thepumping-engine. In order to connect these strapsm where they meet at thejoints and make these straps continuous from end to end I have shown theupper end of theA straps made with a hook-shaped projection, as shown atn, Fig. 13. The lower ends of each of these plates are curved outward toextend down outside of the hooks n, and they have inwardly-projectinghooks o, which are adapted to engage with the hooks n, Fig. 13, so thatin addition to the usual connections yof the pump-rods I have thesesupplemental extended straps or plates bolted on, which strengthen therods, as before described, and form a continuous reinforcement. In thepresent case I have shown the upper end' of the pump-rod connecting witha bell-crank rocking lever or bob p, as shown in Fig. 8. The verticalarm of this lever is connected by a sweep-rod q with the crank-pin r ofthe engine.

In order to counterbalance the surplus Weight of the pump-rod and theother parts to be lifted thereby and to equalize the resistance to theengine on the up-andedown stroke I have shown a balance-bob s, adaptedto carry any amount of weight 15, and this is connected with a crank-pinr by the sweeprod q.

Y In order to check the momentum of the pump-rod and connected parts onthe downward stroke and overcome the inertia of the rod and loss ofpower-upon the change of direction to the upward stroke I have shown acushion o, of any vsuitable elastic substance, and a bumper u, adaptedto form contact with it. This bumper a is fitted upon a screwthreadedrod w, and may be adj usted With relation to the elastic cushion o, soas to compensate for any wear of parts and cause the bumper and cushionto come together at approximately the end of the downwardstroke of thepump-rod. The power to stop the rod at the end of the downstroke istransferred to the cushion or spring, and this is utilized at thecommencement of the upstroke to overcome the inertia of the greatweight. This cushion or spring may also be used on the balance-bob andall other moving parts of the machinery;

In Fig. l, in which the piston moves Within a pump-cylinder, I haveshown suction-valves or clacks 2, one of which is fitted in thevalvechamber at the bottom of the pumpecylinder and the other in avalve-chamber near the top, and the upper valve-chamber is connectedwith the suction-pipe by an intermediate pipe F2.

3 3 are the discharge-valves which deliver the water on each stroke intothe pump-column 4, and this construction will be found at each of thestations where a pump is in operation delivering into the tank, andeventually delivers the water at the surface or other4 nected in thiscase with the pump-rod D by means of a di stance-block T', which issecured to the pump-rod by straps, and the plunger is keyed to the blockin any suitable or desired manner, so as to insure its reciprocation IOOIIO

with the pump-rod D. In this case, in which the pole or plunger isemployed, the valve mechanism is constructed as shown in Fig. 8, inwhich the inlet-valve for the lower plungercylinder N is shown at 5, theoutlet-valve at 6 delivers into the water-column 4.

7 is a pipe leading from below the valvechamber and connecting with thetank N2, which is supplied by the pump-column of the next pump below.(Not here shown.) A similar pipe leads from the tank to the uppersuction-valve, 9, and water is thus drawn from the tank at both the upand the down stroke of the plunger.

10 is the outlet-valve chamber of the upper cylinder communicating by apipe or passage 11 with the pump-column 1i, so that the plunger-pump isthus made double acting.

Figs. 9, 10, 1], and 12 show the arrangement of the auxiliary valve. Inthis case I have shown the inlet-valve 2 hinged to a removable conicalseat, which iits in a correspondinglyshaped socket. The hinge-pin G2 isrounded at the ends, Fig. 12, and fits correspon dingly-shaped sockets,which thus prevent end motion of the pin and keep the valve in place.These valves sometimes become inoperative, and not being accessible whenunder water I employ a supplemental valve 14, (shown in Fig. 9,) whichis introduced into the cylinder by means of a rod 15, having a screw'1G, removably iixed to its lower end and adapted to screw into a bail oryoke 17 on the frame, as shown in Fig. 9. By this device thissupplemental valve is lowered until it rests upon the enlargedsupporting end of the inclined rod 13, which is set into the chamber ofthe valve 2, as shown in Fig. 10. lVhen this valve 14: is in place therod is unscrewed and the valve left in place, after which the piston isattached to the rod and lowered into the cylinder, and the rod beingconnected with the pumping mechanism the work proceeds. The gearing orpacking of this valve consists of a rubber or guttapercha ring 18, castin a single piece and clamped firmly to the valve-ring or bucketform bya ring 19, which is driven upon the smaller reduced lower end of thepackingring. A washer 2O is held against the bottom of the ring andpacking by keys 21. (Shown in Figs. 9 and 11.) This packing has moresurface against the cylinder, wears longer than leather, and thematerial may be used over when worn out.

12 is a door or plate fitting the side of the valve-chamber andremovable, so as to obtain access to the valve 2 when the water is lowenough for this purpose, and the arm 13 may be removed and the valve leiremoved through the door 12. If the valve 14 also becomes disabled, sothat it must be replaced before the water is low enough to uncover thedoor 12, I employ a double-spring hook or grab 22, which is let down andengages the bail or yoke 17, as shown in Fig. 10.

In order to settle any sand orsediment and tom of the chamber before thewater reaches l the inlet of the pump-valve chambers.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a mining-pump,a reciprocatin g pumprod formed of connected andreinforced wooden sections,means for connecting the piston rods orplungers therewith, an actuating mechanism consisting of bell-crankoscillating levers or bobs, the horizontal arm of one connected with thepump-rod, and the other carrying a counterbalance-weight, and thevertical arms connected by pitmen with an engine-crank intermediatebetween the two, a horizontal rod extending beyond the weightcarryingbob or lever, a fixed cushion through which the rod passes and anadjustable bumper mounted upon the rod and adapted to make contact withthe cushion at the end of the downstroke of the pump-rod.

2. In a mining-pump, a vertically-reciprocating pump-rod, apump-cylinder with inlet and outlet valves, a piston reciprocating inthe cylinder, a piston-rod extending through a stuffing-box in the upperpart of the cylinder, a distance-block fixed to the pump-rod projectingto one side therefrom into the line of travel of the piston-rod from thepumpcylinder, a connection therewith consisting of a block having adovetailed slot and a key by which the piston-rod is secured to saidblock.

3. In amining-pump,areciprocatingpumprod, a pump-cylinder having apiston reciprocating therein and inlet and outlet Valves whereby wateris lifted and delivered to a pump-column, a piston-rod extendingupwardly through a stuiing-box on the pumpcylinder, a distance-blockixed to the side of the pump-rod extending outwardly in line with thepiston-rod, a block fixed thereto having a dovetailed slot, and a key bywhich the upper end of the piston-rod is secured to said block, avertical plate having a T or cross at its lower end entering adovetailed slot in the block at the head of the piston-rod, said platebeing movable vertically, and screws and nuts by which said plate ismoved so as to adjust the piston in the cylinder.

il. In a mining-pump, a piston rod or plunger connected with areciprocating pump-rod, a stuffing-box having layers of packing materialat the top and bottom with an intermediate body of lubricating material,a gland or follower fitting the stuiiing-box, and weighted cordsconnected with the gland so as to apply a constant pressure to cause itto automatically follow the packing.

IOO

IIO

5. In a mining-pump,a reciprocating pumprod, a pump-column adapted toreceive water to be raised, a pump or cylinders with pistons or plungersreciprocating therein and valvechambers through which water is admittedto and discharged from the pump by each reciprocation of the plunger,weighted cords connected with the glands of the stuffing-boxes wherebythe glands are advanced to press upon the packing in the stuffing-boxand keep a tight joint, and pawl-and-ratchet mechanism bywhich theadvance of the glands is retained.

6. In a mining-pu1np,a reciprocatingpumprod, a water-column throughwhich water is delivered, a pump-cylinder with valve-chambers connectingwith opposite ends whereby water is delivered through the pump-cylinderinto the pump-column, a piston iitting the pump-cylinder consisting ofheads or disks having packing-rings between them, an intermediatechamber adapted to contain grease in a solid form, and a channel formedbetween it and the piston-rod whereby the pressure of the water fromabove acts to keep the grease in contact with the interior of thepump-cylinder.

7. The piston consisting of disks f B and b d, with packing-rin gsbetween each pair of disks at the top and bottom, an intermediategreasecontaining chamber, screw rods extending through the disks fromtop to bottom, nuts by which the disks are drawn toward each other, andcollars iixed upon the piston-rod, against the opposite sides of whichthe disks b d are clamped by the tension screw-rods.

8. In a mining-pump,a reciprocating pumprod, a pump-cylinder with pistonand pistonrod movable parallel with the pump-rod, a distance-blockclamped to the pump-rod and a head for connecting the piston-rodthereto, in combination with a guide having its ends ixed to permanentsupports in the shaft, the

head which connects the distance-block with the piston-rod beingslidable on the guide.

9. In a mining-pump,a reciprocatingpumprod, a pump-cylinder with apiston and pistonrod movable parallel with the pump-rod, a distance-block clamped to the pump-rod, a head by which the piston-rod isconnected with the distance-block, aguide upon which the head isslidable, chairs fixed to permanent supports in the shaft, and screws bywhich the ends of the guide are adj ustably connected with the chairs.

10. In a mining-pump, a pumping-cylinder, a piston adapted toreciprocate therein, and inlet and outlet valves, in combination with asupplemental inlet-valve removably fitting the cylinder above theinlet-valve chamber, and a removable arm or bar within said chamber uponwhich the supplemental valve is supported.

l1. The auxiliary valve having an exterior removable packing-ring ofrubber or guttapercha said ring being cast integral and having acylindrical enlarged upper portion forming an extended bearing withparallel sides supported throughout their length by the sides of thecylinder and having its lower portion of reduced diameter, ametal ringadapted to surround the reduced portion to clamp it upon the valve, abail or yoke having extensions adapted to pass between the valve and itspacking-rin g said extensions projecting below the valve and providedwith slots and keys fitting said slots and pressing against the ring tohold it in place.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM NANCE.

Vitnesses S. H. NoURsE, GEO. I-I. STRONG.

